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Location: Crafts The BagpipeThe Bulgarian bagpipe or GAIDA which some westerners misquote as Macedonian is a typical folklore instrument. It belongs to the group of wind instruments. It first appeared in the remote past somewhere in Southeast Asia, but it is now part of the folklore music in many countries in Europe, Asia and Africa. In some like France, Germany, Austria and others it has been improved, but in others like Bulgaria, Turkey and Albania it has retained its primitive shape. Sellection of primer and boards for iconsThe most important component in the make of an icon is the coat of bone-glue. The Bulgarian tradition in iconography is completely conformed to the wood. The iconographers had good knowledge of the properties of the wood and they used only strong boards without woodworms. The trees for such boards were chopped only in autumn or winter which guarantees the strength of the wood and the woodworm protection. The primer is prepared in several ways. The most important thing here is the bone-glue. The primer is laid directly onto the board but before that the board is cut in longitudinal sections in order to hold the bone-glue. Laying the contours of an iconThe perfectly smooth surface of the primer on top of the board does not allow the iconographer to work with a pencil or a drawing charcoal, because such materials damage the primer and leave permanent marks over the polished plaster and no matter how steady the hand of the artist is it is not recommended to work directly on the board. The paints of the ancient iconographersToday artists have the opportunity to use a wide range of paints and materials. This is the only thing that differentiates contemporary icons from their past archetypes. Church PlateThe concept of “church plate” represents all objects that can be used in the ritual and are of such a size which allows them to be carried from one place to another. These are linings of Gospels, Psalters, and other church books; linings of crosses; aureoles and chain armours of icons; censers; icon-lamps; chalices; collection plates; monstrance etc., and the purpose of all these is to serve the needs of the Orthodox Church. The Grace of Bulgarian Folk CostumesWhen I first saw the book “Bulgarian Folk Costumes” I realized that I was holding a magnificent work in my hands with no analogue in this country. Bulgarian ColoursFor those who know nothing about Bulgaria we shall only say that it is a country in the Balkans neighbouring Greece, Macedonia, Serbia, Roumania and Turkey, and the Black Sea to the East. Bulgarian IconographyBulgarian iconography appeared about a century after Christianity had been officially adopted in Bulgaria, which was about the middle of the IXth century. Leather ManufactureLeather products are typical for all cattle-breeding nations. When the Bulgarians came to settle down in the Balkans they took with them the art of working the leather. Their everyday life activities depended on things made of leather – their homes, dishes, clothes and many other necessities. The LoomThe manufacture of cloths in these lands has very old traditions. The cultural symbiosis between Thracians, Slavs and Bulgarians turned this craft into an art. The ethnic characteristics of each of these nations, as well as the high quality standards set by Byzantium, are grounded in it. Ethnography and folklore pay special attention to the symbols applied in the cloths. .
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